India and Canada have taken steps towards restoring their strained relationship following a two-year period of discord stemming from the killing of a Sikh activist on Canadian soil. Canadian Foreign Minister Anita Anand described her recent visit to New Delhi and Mumbai as successful, emphasizing the desire to enhance bilateral ties. The deterioration began in 2023 when former Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau accused Indian government agents of involvement in the activist’s murder, a claim India vehemently denied. In response, both nations expelled each other’s top diplomats, further escalating tensions.
Despite ongoing tensions, a pragmatic approach has emerged in the efforts to mend relations, with a focus on economic diplomacy. Both countries are looking to diversify trade options amid challenges posed by tariffs imposed by the United States. Anand highlighted the importance of economic cooperation, acknowledging the invitation extended by Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney to Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi for the G7 Summit as a positive step in improving relations.
During her visit, Anand engaged in discussions with Indian officials and business leaders, with an emphasis on cooperation and trust-building. The joint statement released after the meetings underscored the commitment to renewing momentum and deepening cooperation, particularly in trade-related areas such as agriculture, critical minerals, and AI technology. Notably, the statement marked the first high-level agreement jointly issued by the two countries in seven years.
However, the issue of transnational repression was not explicitly addressed in the statement, prompting concerns from Canada regarding public safety. Anand emphasized the need for dialogue on various public safety issues, including transnational repression and outlawing criminal groups like the Bishnoi gang. The recent designation of the Bishnoi gang as a terrorist entity by Ottawa has further complicated the bilateral dynamics.
Former Indian high commissioner to Canada, Sanjay Kumar Verma, described the current efforts as a deliberate recalibration aimed at rebuilding ties through structured engagement. The visit has sparked mixed reactions, with groups like Sikhs For Justice expressing disappointment over perceived prioritization of trade over safety concerns. The group has filed a formal complaint against Anand, alleging a breach of her oath of office. Despite these challenges, there is optimism within Canada’s business community about the potential for enhanced trade and investment opportunities with India.
